#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from typing import List

# %% Control Flow and Iterables
"""
To jump around to other lines of code, rather than execute a strict sequence.
"""

# %% Conditionals / Branching

"""
if <OBJECT>:

Things that evaluate to False:
    any number equal to zero (0, 0.0, 0+0j)
    an empty container (list, tuple, set, dictionary, …)
    False, None

Things that evaluate to True:
    everything else
"""

# Indentation matters
x: int = 1
if x == 1:
    # indented four spaces, not \t tabs
    print("x is 1.")

# Don't need type-hints after first instance.
x = 2
print(x == 2)  # prints out True
print(x == 3)  # prints out False
print(x < 3)  # prints out True

name: str = "John"
age: int = 23

if 37:
    print("eh?")

if name == "John" and age == 23:
    print("You are John, and you are 23")

if name == "John" or name == "Rick":
    print("Your name is either John or Rick.")

# Handy in operator (more to come later)
if "string" in "longerstring":
    print("found it a sub-sequence")

if 3 not in [4, 5, 6]:
    print("it's not in there")

name = "John"
if name in ["John", "Rick"]:
    print("Your name is either John or Rick.")

x = 2
if x == 2:
    print("x equals two!")
else:
    print("x does not equal to two.")

# elif
if 0 and 1:
    print("and")
elif 0 or 1:
    print("or")
else:
    print("nothing above")

# elif equivalence
if 0 and 1:
    print("and")
else:
    if 0 or 1:
        print("or")
    else:
        print("nothing above")

# Let's just make a variable
some_var: int = 5
# Here is an if statement. Indentation is significant in Python!
# Convention is to use four spaces, not \t tabs.
# This prints "some_var is smaller than 10"
if some_var > 10:
    print("some_var is totally bigger than 10.")
elif some_var < 10:  # This elif clause is optional.
    print("some_var is smaller than 10.")
else:  # This is optional too.
    print("some_var is indeed 10.")

# ternary statemnts
user_val: int = 4
print("neg") if (user_val < 0) else print("pos")

# if can be used as an expression
# Equivalent of C's '?:' ternary operator
print("yay!") if 3 > 2 else print(2)  # => "yay!"
print("yay!") if 3 < 2 else print(2)  # => "2"

print(not False)  # Prints out True
print((not False) == (False))  # Prints out False

# short circuiting (protect against 0 denominator here?)
# evaluated greedily, left to right
x = 2
y: int = 0

# this produces an error
# >>> print(x / y)

# Will these too?
print((x >= 2) and (y != 0) and ((x / y) > 2))
print((x >= 3) or (y != 0) and ((x / y) > 2))

# How about this?
x = 7
y = 9
print((x >= 2) and (y != 0) and ((x / y) > 2))
print((x >= 3) or (y != 0) and ((x / y) > 2))


# While the below example is a look-ahead preview,
# it illustrates that == is not the same as is.
# Unlike the double equals operator "==",
# the "is" operator does not match the values of the variables,
# but the instances themselves (their ids). For example:
xarr: List[int] = [1, 2, 3]
yarr: List[int] = [1, 2, 3]
print(xarr == yarr)
print(xarr is yarr)
print(xarr is not yarr)

# Assignment like this makes a reference
xarr = yarr
print(xarr == yarr)
print(xarr is yarr)
print(xarr is not yarr)

# copy
xarr = yarr[:]
print(xarr == yarr)
print(xarr is yarr)
print(xarr is not yarr)

var1 = 100
if var1:
    print("not 0 - Got a true expression value")
    print(var1)

var2 = 0
if var2:
    print("not 0 - Got a true expression value")
    print(var2)

print("Good bye!")

amount = int(input("Enter amount: "))

if amount < 1000:
    discount = amount * 0.05
    print("Discount", discount)
else:
    discount = amount * 0.10
    print("Discount", discount)

print("Net payable:", amount - discount)

# nested
num = int(input("enter number"))
if num % 2 == 0:
    if num % 3 == 0:
        print("Divisible by 3 and 2")
    else:
        print("divisible by 2 not divisible by 3")
else:
    if num % 3 == 0:
        print("divisible by 3 not divisible by 2")
    else:
        print("not Divisible by 2 not divisible by 3")