#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Testing std in/out
"""

import sys

# The better/easier way (can be done with std input or output)
# (output also mentioned in previous io section)
orig_stdin = sys.stdin
sys.stdin = open("thing.txt", "r")
line = input()
print(line)
sys.stdin = orig_stdin
print("fixed now")
# We covered doing this with stdout previously,
# and this is just a reminder.


# A more complicated alternative
# using unittest.mock.patch
def urlprint(protocol: str, host: str, domain: str) -> None:
    url = "{}://{}.{}".format(protocol, host, domain)
    print(url)


import io
import unittest
import unittest.mock


class TestURLPrint(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_url_gets_to_stdout(self) -> None:
        protocol = "http"
        host = "www"
        domain = "example.com"
        expected_url = "{}://{}.{}\n".format(protocol, host, domain)

        with unittest.mock.patch("sys.stdout", new=io.StringIO()) as fake_out:
            urlprint(protocol, host, domain)
            self.assertEqual(fake_out.getvalue(), expected_url)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main(verbosity=2)