1 Kali


If you are in security, you could do some assignments (like WiFi hacking or disk forensics) using Kali USB stick installation, rather than VM-based installs, but Fedora Security Labs is likely better for this.

Basics:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux
https://www.kali.org/

Downloads come in a variety of flavors, including ARM, x86-64, pre-configured OVAs, container images, cloud images, and regular ISO installs, etc.
https://www.kali.org/downloads/

Installation:
https://www.kali.org/docs/usb/
https://www.kali.org/docs/base-images/

Documentation:
https://www.kali.org/docs/
https://www.kali.org/docs/introduction/